Quote from Rydian;1282753:
Do note that those, as really high-end weapons, cost a lot to repair.
Second part, mostly true, as it is on the costlier repair side, but there are many other weapons that cost more, most of the time for good reasons.
First part though, I'd highly disagree with. Beam swords are mid-game weapons at best, but in terms of immediate power boost, it's great for beginners, provided they can get rank 1 sword mastery (which they should with the abundance of AP and easy training), but as said later, kind of a hassle to maintain because of fairly high repair costs that may or may not be too much for beginners.
If you really want to make weapons from the scratch, I'd go either for Fluted Short Sword or Broad Sword. Fluted Short Sword's artisan upgrade is impressive for a cheap weapon, and has normal attack speed, which is pretty optimal for Bash. Broad Sword, while slow hit weapon, is all around pretty good, ok damage, and special upgradeable, although I'd think you'd want to save your upgrade stones for better weapons.
As for "good" swords that can actually drop from contents, there are Demonic Death Knight Swords that drop from Saga episode boxes, but the problem is that you have to be Master Warrior talent in order to equip this. There are also Pilgrim Sword and Fanatic Great Sword that can drop as a reward in G19 raids, but that's a very far fetched goal for you at the moment.
As for other enhancements that are related to gears, check these out:
http://wiki.mabinogiworld.com/view/Damage_Modifier
http://wiki.mabinogiworld.com/view/Special_Upgrade
http://wiki.mabinogiworld.com/view/Reforge -> check out especially elemental reforge part
http://wiki.mabinogiworld.com/view/Artisan_Upgrade